Legal Definitions - case statement

Definition: A statement in programming that allows for conditional execution of code based on the evaluation of a specific expression.

Example: In a program that calculates grades, a case statement could be used to assign a letter grade based on a numerical score. For example:

```ruby score = 85 case score when 90..100 grade = "A" when 80..89 grade = "B" when 70..79 grade = "C" when 60..69 grade = "D" else grade = "F" end puts "Your grade is #{grade}." ``` In this example, the case statement evaluates the value of the variable `score` and assigns a letter grade based on the range in which it falls. If `score` is 85, the case statement matches the second condition (`when 80..89`) and assigns the value "B" to the variable `grade`.

This type of conditional execution is useful in many programming applications, allowing for efficient and organized handling of different scenarios based on specific conditions.