Legal Definitions - ethics

The word "ethics" comes from the Greek word ethos, meaning character, and the Latin word mores, meaning customs. In philosophy, ethics refers to what is good for individuals and society, and establishes the nature of duties that people owe themselves and one another. In the legal context, ethics defines how individuals choose to interact with one another.

While law often embodies ethical principles, law and ethics are not the same thing. Many acts that would be considered unethical are not prohibited by law, such as lying or betraying the confidence of a friend. Conversely, some actions that are legal may still be considered unethical.

Most professions have codes of ethics that their members are expected to follow. These codes outline the standards of behavior that are expected of professionals in their field. For example, the American Medical Association has a Code of Medical Ethics, and the American Bar Association has the Model Rules of Professional Conduct for lawyers. Violating a code of ethics can result in disciplinary action, including expulsion from the profession.

Examples of professions with codes of ethics include:

• Lawyers
• Doctors
• Librarians
• Social workers
• Teachers
• Engineers
• Journalists
• Real estate agents
• Bankers
• Insurance agents
• Human resources managers

For instance, a doctor who violates the Code of Medical Ethics by engaging in inappropriate relationships with patients may face disciplinary action from their medical board. Similarly, a lawyer who violates the Model Rules of Professional Conduct by misrepresenting facts to a court may face sanctions from their state bar association.

Overall, ethics refers to the principles and values that guide behavior in a particular profession or society. It is important for professionals to adhere to their respective codes of ethics to maintain the trust of their clients and the public.