Legal Definitions - juramentum

Juramentum is a Latin term used in civil law to refer to an oath. It is a solemn promise made by a person to tell the truth or fulfill a duty. There are different types of juramentum, such as:

• Juramentum calumniae: An oath of calumny, which is a false accusation made under oath.
• Juramentum corporalis: A corporal oath, which is an oath taken with a physical gesture, such as placing one's hand on a religious text.
• Juramentum in litem: An oath in litem, which is an oath taken during a legal dispute to support one's claim.
• Juramentum judiciale: An oath by which the judge defers the decision of the case to either of the parties.
• Juramentum necessarium: A necessary or compulsory oath, which is required by law or authority.
• Juramentum voluntarium: A voluntary oath, which is taken willingly by a person.

Examples:

• A witness in court takes a juramentum to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth.
• A public official takes a juramentum to uphold the constitution and laws of their country.
• A person taking a citizenship oath takes a juramentum to be loyal to their new country and its laws.

These examples illustrate how juramentum is a solemn promise made under oath in different contexts, such as legal proceedings, public service, and citizenship.