Legal Definitions - M & A

Definition: M & A stands for mergers and acquisitions, which is the process of combining two or more companies into one. This can be done through various methods, such as buying another company's stock or assets, or by merging two companies into a new entity.

Examples:

• Horizontal merger: When two companies that are direct competitors merge, it is called a horizontal merger. For example, if two fast food chains merge, it would be a horizontal merger.
• Vertical merger: When a company merges with another company that is in a different stage of the same supply chain, it is called a vertical merger. For example, if a car manufacturer merges with a tire company, it would be a vertical merger.
• Conglomerate merger: When two companies that are not related to each other merge, it is called a conglomerate merger. For example, if a technology company merges with a food company, it would be a conglomerate merger.

These examples illustrate the different types of mergers that can occur between companies. Each type of merger has its own benefits and drawbacks, and companies may choose to merge for various reasons, such as to increase market share, reduce competition, or gain access to new technologies or products.