Legal Definitions - National Guard

The National Guard is a reserve force for the U.S. Army and Air Force. It is made up of volunteers who are recruited and trained on a statewide basis and equipped by the federal government. The National Guard can be called upon by a state to help in times of disturbances, and by the federal government in times of war or national emergency.

For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, National Guard troops were activated to help with testing and distributing medical supplies in various states.

The Constitution recognizes a state's right to form a "well-regulated militia," but also gives Congress the power to activate, organize, and govern a federal militia. The reserve militia includes all persons who are not exempt from military service and not actively serving in the armed forces or National Guard.

Overall, the National Guard serves as an important backup force for the military and can be called upon to assist in various situations.