Legal Definitions - occupational hazard

An occupational hazard is a risk that is associated with a specific job or occupation. These risks can be physical or health-related and can occur due to various factors in the workplace. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has identified five categories of occupational hazards:

• Physical Safety Hazards: These hazards can cause injury in a workplace accident. Examples include slipping hazards, machinery operation, electrical hazards, and other dangerous conditions in the workplace.
• Chemical Hazards: These hazards are caused by exposure to toxic substances such as solvents, adhesives, paints, and toxic dusts.
• Biological Hazards: These hazards are caused by exposure to infectious diseases, molds, toxic or poisonous plants, or animal materials.
• Physical Hazards: These hazards are caused by exposure to excessive noise, elevated or low temperatures, or radiation.
• Ergonomic Risk Factors: These hazards are caused by repetitive actions such as heavy lifting or the use of tools with significant vibration.

For example, a construction worker may be at risk of physical safety hazards such as falling from a height or being hit by heavy machinery. A chemist may be at risk of chemical hazards due to exposure to toxic substances in the laboratory. A healthcare worker may be at risk of biological hazards due to exposure to infectious diseases from patients.

It is important for employers to identify and mitigate occupational hazards to ensure the safety and health of their employees. OSHA has established laws and regulations to protect workers from occupational hazards in various industries throughout the United States.