Legal Definitions - valvasor

A valvasor is a historical term used to describe a principal vassal who held land from someone who held it directly from the sovereign. They were considered a vassal of the second degree or rank.

For example, if the king granted land to a lord, and that lord granted land to a valvasor, the valvasor would be a vassal of the second degree.

A vandal is someone who maliciously destroys or defaces works of art, monuments, buildings, or other property. The term comes from the Latin word "Vandalus," which was the name of a Germanic tribe known for their destructive behavior.

For example, if someone spray-paints graffiti on a historical monument, they are acting like a vandal. Another example would be if someone intentionally breaks a statue or damages a building for no reason other than to cause destruction.