Legal Definitions - capitalis

Definition: Capitalis (kap-i-tay-lis) is a Latin term that has two meanings:

1. In Roman law, it refers to a crime that is punishable by death, loss of liberty, or loss of citizenship. This is known as the "caput" punishment.
2. In history, it refers to a person, object, or judicial proceeding that is principal or chief.

Examples:

• Caput crimes in Roman law included treason, murder, and arson. These crimes were considered the most serious and were punished with death, loss of liberty, or loss of citizenship.
• In medieval times, the capitalis was the principal person in a town or city. They were responsible for maintaining order and justice.

The examples illustrate how capitalis can refer to both serious crimes and important people or proceedings. In Roman law, a capitalis crime was considered the most severe and was punished harshly. In history, the capitalis was an important figure who held a position of authority and responsibility.