Legal Definitions - Census Bureau

The Census Bureau is a unit within the U.S. Department of Commerce that is responsible for conducting and publishing the census every ten years, as required by the U.S. Constitution.

The Bureau was established in 1902 and is also responsible for conducting other population surveys and estimates as required by law. It is a part of the Department's Economics and Statistics Administration.

For example, the Census Bureau conducts the American Community Survey, which collects data on social, economic, and housing characteristics of the U.S. population. This survey is conducted annually and provides important information for policymakers, businesses, and researchers.

Another example is the Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program, which produces annual estimates of the population for the nation, states, counties, and cities. These estimates are used for a variety of purposes, such as determining congressional representation and allocating federal funds.